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Encyclopedia Britannica



COHORT (Lat. cohors)

This article appears in Volume V06, Page 652 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CLI-COM
COHORT (Lat. cohors) , originally a place enclosed: in the Roman army, the name of a unit of
infantry
 . The troops of the first grade, the legions, were divided into cohorts, of which there were ten in each
legion
 : the
cohort
  thus contained 600 men. Among the troops of the second grade (the auxilia) the cohorts were independent foot regiments 500 or loon strong, corresponding to the alae, which were similar regiments of cavalry; they were generally posted on the frontiers of the
Empire
  in small forts of four to eight acres, each holding one
cohort
  or ala. The
special
  troops of Rome itself, the Praetorian Guard, the Urbanae Cohortes, and the Vigiles (fire brigade), were divided into cohorts (see further ROMAN ARMY). The phrase cohors praetoria or cohors amicorum was sometimes used, especially during the Roman republic, to denote the suite of the
governor
  of a province; hence developed the Praetorian cohorts which formed the emperor's bodyguard.
In
biology
 , " cohort " is a
term
  for a group of allied orders or families of
plants
  or animals.


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