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Encyclopedia Britannica



COGNAC

This article appears in Volume V06, Page 651 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CLI-COM
COGNAC , a town of
south
 -western France,
capital
  of an arrondissement in the department of
Charente
 , on the left bank of the river
Charente
 , 32 M. W. of
Angouleme
  on the Ouest-Etat railway, between
Angouleme
  and Saintes. Pop. (1906) 18,389. The streets of the old townwhich borders the riverare narrow and tortuous, but the newer parts are well provided with open spaces. The
chief
  of these is the beautiful Pare Francois Ier overlooking the Charente. In one of the squares there is a statue of Francis I., who was born here. The
chief
  building is a church of the 12th century dedicated to St Leger, which preserves a fine Romanesque facade and a tower of the 15th century. A castle of the 15th and 16th centuries, once the residence of the
counts
  of Angouleme, now a storehouse for brandy, and a medieval gate stand in the older part of the town. Cognac is the seat of a subprefect and has tribunals of first instance and of commerce, a council of trade arbitrators, a chamber of commerce, and consulates of the United States, Spain and Portugal. Its most important industry is the distillation of the brandy (q.v.) to which the town gives its name. Large quantities are carried, by way of the river, to the neighbouring port of Tonnay-Charente. The
industries
  subsidiary to the brandy trade, such as the making of cases and bottles, occupy many hands. Ironware is also manufactured, and a considerable trade is maintained in grain and cattle. In 1526 Cognac gave its name to a treaty concluded against Charles V. by Francis I., the pope, Venice and
Milan
 . Its possession was contested during the wars of religion, and in 1570 it became one of the Huguenot strongholds. In 1651 it successfully sustained a siege against Louis II., prince of
Conde
 , leader of the Fronde.
See Le Pays du Cognac, by L. Ravaz, for a description of the
district
  and its viticulture.


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