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Encyclopedia Britannica



COCKLE, SIR JAMES (1819-1395)

This article appears in Volume V06, Page 627 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CLI-COM
COCKLE, SIR JAMES (1819-1395) , English lawyer and mathematician, was born on the 14th of January 1819. He was the second son of James Cockle, a surgeon, of
Great
  Oakley, Essex. Educated at Charterhouse and Trinity College, Cam-
bridge
 , he entered the Middle Temple in 1838, practising as a
special
  pleader in 1845 and being called in 1846. Joining the midland circuit, he acquired a good practice, and on the recommendation of
Chief
  Justice Sir William Erie he was appointed
chief
  justice of Queensland in 1863. He received the honour of
knighthood
  in 1869, retired from the bench, and returned to England in 1879.
Cockle is more remembered for his mathematical and scientific investigations than as a lawyer. Like many
young
  mathematicians he attacked the problem of resolving the higher algebraic equations, notwithstanding Abel's proof that a solution by radicles was impossible. In this field Cockle achieved some notable results, amongst which is his reproduction of Sir William R. Hamilton's modification of Abel's theorem. Algebraic forms were a favourite object of his studies, and he discovered and developed the theory of criticoids, or differential invariants; he also made contributions to the theory of differential equations. He displayed a keen
interest
  in scientific
societies
 . From 1863 to 1879 he was president of the Queensland Philosophical Society (now incorporated in the Royal Society of Queensland); on his return to England he became associated with the London Mathematical Society, of which he was president from 1886 to 1888, and the Royal Astronomical Society, serving as a member of the council from 1888 to 1892. He died in London on the 27th of January 1895.
A volume containing his scientific and mathematical researches made during the years 18641877 was presented to the British Museum in 1897 by his widow. See the obituary notice by the Rev. R. Harley in Proc. Roy. Soc. vol. 59.


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