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Encyclopedia Britannica



CLOUGH, ANNE JEMIMA (182o-1892)

This article appears in Volume V06, Page 561 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CLI-COM
CLOUGH, ANNE JEMIMA (182o-1892) , English educationalist, was born at Liverpool on the loth of January 182o, the daughter of a
cotton
  merchant. She was the sister of Arthur Hugh Clough, the poet. When two years old she was taken with the rest of the family to Charleston, South Carolina. It was not till 1836 that she returned to England, and though her ambition was to write, she was occupied for the most part in teaching. Her father's failure in business led her to open a school in 1841. This was carried on until 1846. In 1852, after making some technical studies in London and working at the Borough Road and the Home and Colonial schools, she opened another small school of her own at
Ambleside
  in Westmorland. Giving this up some ten years later, she lived for a time with the widow of her brother Arthur Hugh Cloughwho had died in 1861in order that she might educate his children. Keenly interested in the education of women, she made friends with Miss Emily
Davies
 , Madame Bodichon, Miss Buss and others. After helping to found the North of England council for promoting the higher education of women, she acted as its secretary from 1867 to 187o and as its president from 1873 to 1874. When it was decided to open a
house
  for the residence of women students at
Cambridge
 , Miss Clough was chosen as its first principal.
This hostel, started in Regent Street,
Cambridge
 , in 1871 with five students, and continued at Merton
Hall
  in 1872, led to the building of Newnham
Hall
 , opened in 1875, and to the erection of Newnham College on its present basis in 1880. Miss Clough's personal charm and high aims, together with the development of Newnham College under her care, led her to be regarded as one of the foremost leaders of the women's educational
movement
 . She died at Cambridge on the 27th of February 1892. Two portraits of Miss Clough are at Newnham College, one by Sir W. B. Richmond, the other by J. J. Shannon.
See Memoir of Anne Jemima Clough, by Blanche
Athena
  Clough (1897).


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