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Encyclopedia Britannica



CLAZOMENAE (mod. Kelisman)

This article appears in Volume V06, Page 476 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CHR-CLI
CLAZOMENAE (mod. Kelisman) , an ancient town of
Ionia
  and a member of the Ionian Dodecapolis (Confederation of Twelve Cities), on the Gulf of Smyrna, about 20 M. W. of that city. Though not in existence before the arrival of the Ionians in
Asia
 , its
original
  founders were largely settlers from Phlius and Cleonae. It stood originally on the
isthmus
  connecting the mainland with the peninsula on which Erythrae stood; but the inhabitants, alarmed by the encroachments of the Persians, removed to one of the small islands of the bay, and there established their city. This
island
  was connected with the mainland by Alexander the
Great
  by means of a pier, the remains of which are still visible. During the 5th century it was for some time subject to the Athenians, but about the middle of the Peloponnesian war (412 B.c.) it revolted. After a brief resistance, however, it again acknowledged the Athenian supremacy, and repelled a Lacedaemonian attack. Under the Romans Clazomenae was included in the province of
Asia
 , and enjoyed an
immunity
  from
taxation
 . The site can still be made out, in the neighbourhood of Vourla, but nearly every portion of its ruins has been removed. It was the birthplace of the philosopher Anaxagoras. It is famous for its painted terra-cotta sarcophagi, which are the finest monuments of Ionian
painting
  in the 6th century B.C. (E. GR.)


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