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Encyclopedia Britannica



CLARKE, EDWARD DANIEL (17691822)

This article appears in Volume V06, Page 444 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CHR-CLI
CLARKE, EDWARD DANIEL (17691822) , English mineralogist and traveller, was born at Willingdon, Sussex, on the 5th of June 1769, and educated first at
Tonbridge
 . In 1786 he obtained the office of chapel clerk at Jesus College,
Cambridge
 , but the loss of his father at this time involved him in difficulties. In 1790 he took his degree, and soon after became private tutor to
Henry
  Tufton, nephew of the duke of Dorset. In 1792 he obtained an engagement to travel with Lord Berwick through Germany, Switzerland and Italy. After crossing the Alps, and visiting a few of the principal cities of Italy, including Rome, he went to Naples, where he remained nearly two years. Having returned to England in the summer of 1794, he became tutor in several distinguished families. In 1799 he set out with a Mr Cripps on a tour through the continent of Europe, beginning with Norway and Sweden, whence they proceeded through Russia and the Crimea to Constantinople, Rhodes, and afterwards to Egypt and Palestine. After the capitulation of Alexandria, Clarke was of considerable use in securing for England the statues, sarcophagi, maps, manuscripts, &c., which had been collected by the French savants. Greece was the ccuntry next visited. From Athens the travellers proceeded by land to Constantinople, and after a short stay in that city directed their course homewards through
Rumelia
 , Austria, Germany and France. Clarke, who had now obtained considerable reputation, took up his residence at
Cambridge
 . He received the degree of LL.D. shortly after his return in 1803, on account of the valuable donations, including a colossal statue of the Eleusinian Ceres, which he had made to the university. He was also presented to the college living of Harlton, near Cam-bridge, in 1805, to which, four years later, his father-in-law added that of Yeldham. Towards the end of 18o8 Dr Clarke was appointed to the professorship of
mineralogy
  in Cambridge, then first instituted. Nor was his perseverance as a traveller otherwise unrewarded. The MSS. which he had collected in the course of his travels were sold to the Bodleian library for 1000; and by the publication of his travels he realized altogether a clear profit of 6595. Besides lecturing on
mineralogy
  and discharging his clerical duties, Dr Clarke eagerly prosecuted the study of chemistry, and made several discoveries, principally by means of the gas blow-pipe, which he had brought to a highdegree of perfection. He was also appointed university librarian in 1817, and was one of the founders of the Cambridge Philosophical Society in 1819. He died in London on the 9th of March 1822. The following is a
list
  of his principal works:Testimony of Authors respecting the Colossal Statue of Ceres in the Public Library, Cambridge (8vo, 18011803); The Tomb of Alexander, a Dissertation on the Sarcophagus brought from Alexandria, and now in the British Museum (4to, 1805); A Methodical Distribution of the
Mineral
  Kingdom (fol., Lewes, 1807); A Description of the Greek
Marbles
  brought from the Shores of the Euxine, Archipelago and Mediterranean, and deposited in the University Library, Cambridge (8vo, 1809); Travels in various Countries of Europe, Asia and Africa (4to, 18101819; 2nd ed., 18111823).
See Life and Remains, by Rev. W. Otter (1824).


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