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Encyclopedia Britannica



CLARENCE, DUKES OF

This article appears in Volume V06, Page 428 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CHR-CLI
CLARENCE, DUKES OF . The early history of this English title is identical with that of the family of Clare (q.v.), earls of Gloucester, who are sometimes called earls of Clare, of which word Clarence is a later form. The first duke of Clarence was Lionel of Antwerp (see below), third son of
Edward
  III., who was created duke in 1362, and whose wife Elizabeth was a direct descendant of the Clares, the " Honour of Clare " being among the lands which she brought to her husband. When Lionel died without sons in 1368 the title became
extinct
 ; but in 1412 it was revived in favour of
Thomas
  (see below), the second son of
Henry
  IV. The third creation of a duke of Clarence took place in 1461, and was in favour of George (see below), brother of the King Edward IV. When this duke, accused by
the king, was attainted and killed in 1478, his titles and estates were forfeited. There appears to have been no other creation of a duke of Clarence until 1789, when William, third son of George III., was made a peer under this title. Having merged in the crown when William became king of
Great
  Britain and Ireland in 1830, the title of duke of Clarence was again revived in 1890 in favour of Albert
Victor
  (1864-1892), the elder son of King Edward VII., then prince of Wales, only to become
extinct
  for the fifth time on his death in 1892.


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