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Encyclopedia Britannica



CLAIRON, LA (1723-1803)

This article appears in Volume V06, Page 418 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CHR-CLI
CLAIRON, LA (1723-1803) , French actress, whose real name was CLAIRE JOSEPH HIPPOLYTE LERIS, was born at
Conde
  sur 1'Escaut, Hainaut, on the 25th of January 1723, the natural daughter of any army sergeant. In 1736 she made her first stage
appearance
  at the Comedic Italienne, in a small part in Marivaux's Ile des esclaves. After several years in the provinces she returned to Paris. Her life, meanwhile, had been decidedly irregular, even if not to the degree indicated by the libellous pamphlet Histoire de la demoiselle Cronel, dite Fretillon, actrice de la Comedie de Rouen, ecrite par elle-meme (The Hague, 1746), or to be inferred from the disingenuousness of her own Memoires d'Hippolyte
Clairon
  (1798); and she had
great
  difficulty in obtaining an order to make her debut at the Comedie Franeaise. Succeeding, however, at last, she had the courage to select the title-role of Padre (1945), and she obtained a veritable
triumph
 . During her twenty-two years at this theatre, dividing the honours with her rival Mlle Dumesnil, she filled many of the classical r81es of tragedy, and created a
great
  number of parts in the plays of Voltaire,
Marmontel
 , Saurin, de Belloy and others. She retired in 1766, and trained pupils for the stage, among them Mlle
Raucourt
 . Goldsmith called Mlle
Clairon
  " the most perfect female figure I have ever seen on any stage " (The Bee, 2nd No.); and
Garrick
 , wlfile recognizing her unwillingness or inability to make use of the
inspiration
  of the instant, admitted that " she has everything that art and a good understanding with great natural spirit can give her."


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