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Encyclopedia Britannica



CHRYSOPRASE (Gr. Xpvvor, gold, and apaorov, leek)

This article appears in Volume V06, Page 321 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CHR-CLI
CHRYSOPRASE (Gr. Xpvvor, gold, and apaorov, leek) , a name applied by
modern
  mineralogists to an apple-green variety of
chalcedony
  or hornstone, used as an ornamental stone. The colour is due to the presence of nickel, probably in the form of a hydrous silicate. By exposure to a moderate heat, or to strong light, the
chrysoprase
  becomes paler, or even colourless, but it may regain its colour by absorption of moisture.
Chrysoprase
  is a
mineral
  of rather limited distribution. Most of it comes from the neighbourhood of Frankenstein in Silesia, where it occurs in association with altered serpentine. It is found to a limited extent at Revdinsk, near Ekaterinburg, in the Urals; and it occurs also in India. It is known, too, at several localities
in North America, notably at Nickel
Mount
 , Douglas county,
Oregon
 , where it occurs in nickeliferous serpentine.
The chrysoprase of the moderns is certainly not the chrysoprasius of Pliny, or the Xpvalnrpaaos of Greek writers. The ancient stone was not improbably our chrysoberyl, and it is doubtful whether the
modern
  chrysoprase was known until a comparatively
late
  period. The chrysoprase of Kosemutz, near Frankenstein in Silesia, was discovered in 1740, and used by Frederick the
Great
  in the decoration of the palace of Sans Souci at Potsdam. But at a much earlier date the Silesian chrysoprase was used for mural decoration at the Wenzel chapel at Prague. Chrysoprase was a favourite stone in England at the beginning of the 19th
century
 , being set round with small brilliants and used for brooches and rings. At the present time it is said to be regarded by some as a " lucky stone." Much commercial chrysoprase is
chalcedony
  artificially stained by impregnation with a green salt of nickel. (F. W. R.*)


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