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Encyclopedia Britannica



CHRYSOLCRAS, MANUEL [or EMMANUEL] (e. 1355-1415)

This article appears in Volume V06, Page 320 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CHR-CLI
CHRYSOLCRAS, MANUEL [or EMMANUEL] (e. 1355-1415) , one of the pioneers in spreading Greek literature in the West, was born at
Constantinople
  of a distinguished family, which had removed with
Constantine
  the
Great
  to Byzantium. He was a pupil of Gemistus (q.v.). In 1393 he was sent to Italy by the emperor Manuel Palaeologus to implore the aid of the Christian princes against the Turks. He returned to
Constantinople
 , but at the invitation of the magistrates of Florence he became about 1395 professor of the Greek language in that city, where he taught three years. He became famous as a translator of
Homer
  and Plato. Having visited
Milan
  and Pavia, and resided for several years at Venice, he went to Rome upon the invitation of Bruni Leonardo, who had been his pupil, and was then secretary to Gregory XII. In 1408 he was sent to Paris on an important mission from the emperor Manuel Palaeologus. In 1413 he went to Germany on an embassy to the emperor
Sigismund
 , the object of which was to fix a place for the assembling of a general council. It was decided that the
meeting
  should take place at Constance; and Chrysoloras was on his way thither, having been chosen to represent the Greek
Church
 , when he died suddenly on the 15th of April 1415. Only two of his works have been printed, his Erolemala (published at Venice in 1484), which was the first Greek grammar in use in the West, and Epistolae III. de comparatione veto-is et novae Romae.


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