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Encyclopedia Britannica



CHRYSIPPUS (c. 280-2o6 B.c.)

This article appears in Volume V06, Page 320 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CHR-CLI
CHRYSIPPUS (c. 280-2o6 B.c.) , Greek philosopher, the third
great
  leader of the Stoics. A native of
Soli
  in Cilicia (Diog. Laert. vii. 179), he was robbed of his property and came to Athens, where he studied possibly under Zeno, certainly under Cleanthes. It is said also that he became a pupil of Arcesilaus and Lacydes, heads of the Middle
Academy
 . This impartiality in his early studies is the key of his philosophic
work
 , the dominant characteristic of which is comprehensiveness rather than originality. He took the doctrines of Zeno and Cleanthes and crystallized them into a definite
system
 ; he further defended them against the attacks of the
Academy
 . His polemic skill earned for him the title of the " Column of the Portico."
Diogenes
  Laertius says, " If the gods use dialectic, they can use none other than that of Chrysippus "; ei pi 'yap iv X
Quit &v ilv ZTO& (" Without Chrysippus, there had been no Porch "). He excelled in logic, the theory of knowledge, ethics and physics. His relations with Cleanthes, contemporaneously criticized by Antipater, are considered under Sroics.
He is said to have composed seven hundred and fifty treatises, fragments alone of which survive. Their style, we are told, was unpolished and arid in the extreme, while the argument was lucid and impartial.
See G. H.
Hagedorn
 , Moralia Chrysippea (1685), Ethica Chrysippi (1715); J. F. Richter, De Chrysippo Stoico ,;astuoso (1738); F. Baguet, De Chrysippi vita doctrina et reliquiis kI822); C. Petersen, Philosophiae Chrysippeae fundamenta (1827) ; A. Gercke, " Chrysippea " in Janrbiicher fur Philologie, suppl. vol. xiv. (1885) ; R. Nicolai, De logicis Chrysippi libris (1859) ; Christos Aronis, %p(ecaaoc ypaarmKL (1885); R. Hirzel, Untersuchungen zu Ciceros philosophischen Schriften, ii. (1882) ; L.
Stein
 , Die Psychologie der
Stoa
  (1886) ; A. B. Krische, Forschungen auf dem Gebiete der
alien
  Philosophie (1840); J. E. Sandys, Hist. Class. Schol. i. 149.


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