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Encyclopedia Britannica



CHRISTISON, SIR ROBERT

This article appears in Volume V06, Page 293 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CHR-CLI
CHRISTISON, SIR ROBERT , Bart. (17971882), Scottish toxicologist and physician, was born in Edinburgh on the 18th of July 1797. After graduating at the university of that city in 1819, he spent a short time in London, studying under John
Abernethy and Sir William Lawrence, and in Paris, where he learnt analytical
chemistry
  from P. J. Robiquet and
toxicology
  from M. J. B. Orfila. In 1822 he returned to Edinburgh as professor of medical jurisprudence, and set to
work
  to organize the study of his subject on a sound basis. On poisons in particular he speedily became a high authority; his well-known treatise on them was published in 1829, and in the course of his inquiries he did not hesitate to try such daring experiments on himself as taking large doses of Calabar bean: His attainments in medical jurisprudence and
toxicology
  procured him the appointment, in 1829, of medical officer to the crown in
Scotland
 , and from that time till 1866 he was called as a
witness
  in many celebrated criminal cases. In 1832 he gave up the chair of medical jurisprudence and accepted that of
medicine
  and therapeutics, which he held till 1877; at the same time he became professor of clinical
medicine
 , and continued in that capacity till 1855. His fame as a toxicologist and medical jurist, together with his
work
  on the
pathology
  of the kidneys and on fevers, secured him a large private practice, and he succeeded to a
fair
  share of the honours that commonly attend the successful physician, being appointed physician to Queen Victoria in 1848 and receiving a baronetcy in 1871. Among the books which he published were a treatise on Granular Degeneration of the Kidneys (1839), and a Commentary on the Pharmacopoeias of
Great
  Britain (1842). Sir Robert Christison, who retained remarkable
physical
  vigour and activity down to extreme old age, died at Edinburgh on the 23rd of January 1882.
See the Life by his sons (18851886).


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