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Encyclopedia Britannica



CHIPPING NORTON

This article appears in Volume V06, Page 239 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CHA-CHR
CHIPPING NORTON , a market town and municipal borough in the Banbury parliamentary division of Oxfordshire, England, 26 m. N.W. of Oxford by a branch of the
Great
  Western railway.
' For the Chippewa Indians see OJIBWAY, of which the word is a popular adaptation.
Pop. (1901) 3780. It lies on the steep flank of a hill, and consists mainly of one very wide street. The church of St Mary the Virgin,
standing
  on the lower part of the slope, is a fine building of the Decorated and Perpendicular periods, the hexagonal porch and the
clerestory
  being good examples of the later style. The town has woollen and glove factories, breweries and an agricultural trade. It is governed by a mayor, 4 aldermen and 12 councillors. Area, 4456 acres. Chipping Norton (Chepyngnorton) was probably of some importance in Saxon times. At the Domesday Survey it was held in
chief
  by Ernulf de Hesding; it was assessed at fifteen hides, and comprised three mills. It returned two members to
parliament
  as a borough in 1302 and 1304-1305, but was not represented after this date, and was not considered to be a borough in 1316. The first and only charter of incorporation was granted by James I., in 16o8; it established a common council consisting of 2 bailiffs and 12 burgesses; a common clerk, 2 justices of the peace, and 2 serjeants-at-mace; and a court of record every Monday. In 1205 William Fitz-Alan was granted a four days'
fair
  at the feast of the Inven-
tion of the Cross; and in 1276 Roger,
earl
  of March, was granted a four days'
fair
  at the feast of St BarnabasW In the reign of
Henry
  VI. the market was held on Wednesday, and a fair was held at the Translation of St Thomas Becket. These continued to be held in the reign of James I., who annulled the former two fairs, and granted fairs at the feasts of St Mark, St
Matthew
 , St Bartholomew, and SS. Simon and Jude.


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