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Encyclopedia Britannica



CHINON

This article appears in Volume V06, Page 235 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CHA-CHR
CHINON , a town of western France,
capital
  of an arrondissement in the department of Indre-et-Loire, on the right bank of the Vienne, 32 M. S.W. of Tours on the State railway. Pop. (1906) 4071. Chinon lies at the foot of the rocky eminence which is crowned by the ruins of the famous castle. Its narrow, winding streets contain many houses of the 15th and 16th centuries. The oldest of its churches, St Mexme, is in the Romanesque style, but only the facade and
nave
  are left. The church of St Etienne
dates
  from the 15th century, that of St Maurice from the 12th, 15th and 16th centuries. The castle, which has undergone considerable modern restoration, consists of three portions. That to the
east
 , the Chateau de St Georges, built by
Henry
  II. of England, has almost vanished, only the foundation of the outer
wall
  remaining. The Chateau du Milieu (11th to 15th centuries) comprises the keep, the Pavilion de I'Horloge and the Grand Logis, in the principal apartment of which the first meeting between Joan of Arc and Charles VII. took place. Of the Chateau du Coudray, which is separated by a moat from the Chateau du Milieu, the
chief
  remains are the Tour du Moulin (iothce.ntury) and two less ancient towers. A statue of Rabelais, who was born in the vicinity of the town, stands on the river-quay. Chinon has trade in wheat, brandy, red wine and plums. Basket and rope manufacture, tanning and cooperage are among its industries. Chinon (Callao) existed before the Roman occupation of Gaul, and was from early times an important fortress. It was occupied by the Visigoths, and subsequently, after forming part of the royal domain, came to the
counts
  of Touraine and from them to the
counts
  of Anjou.
Henry
  II. often resided in the castle, and died there. The place was taken by Philip
Augustus
  in 1205 after a year's siege.


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