CHINESE PAVILLON, TURKISH CRESCENT, TURKISH JINGLE, or JINGLING JOHNNY (Fr. chapeau chinois; Ger. tiirkischer Halbmond, Schellenbaum; Ital. cappello chinese)

This article appears in Volume V06, Page 233 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CHA-CHR

CHINESE PAVILLON, TURKISH CRESCENT, TURKISH JINGLE, or JINGLING JOHNNY (Fr. chapeau chinois; Ger. tiirkischer Halbmond, Schellenbaum; Ital. cappello chinese) , an

instrument

INSTRUMENT (Lat. instrumentum, from insincere, to build up, furnish, arrange, prepare)

of percussion of indefinite sonorousness, i.e. not producing definite musical tones. The chapeau chinois was formerly an adjunct in military bands, but never in the orchestra, where an

instrument

INSTRUMENT (Lat. instrumentum, from insincere, to build up, furnish, arrange, prepare)

of somewhat similar shape, often confused with it and known as the

Glockenspiel

GLOCKENSPIEL, or ORCHESTRAL BELLS (Fr. carillon; Ger. Glockenspiel, Stahlharmonika; Ital. carnpanelli; Med. Lat. tintinnabulum, cymbalum, bombulum)

(q.v.), is occasionally called into requisition. The Chinese pavilion consists of a pole about 6 ft. high terminating in a conical metal cap or pavilion, hung with small jingling bells and surmounted by a

crescent

CRESCENT (Lat. crescens, growing)

and a

star

STAR

. Below this pavillon are two or more metal bands forming a fanciful

double

crescent

CRESCENT (Lat. crescens, growing)

or squat lyre, likewise furnished with tiny bells. The two points of the crescent are curved over, ending in fanciful animal heads from whose mouths hang low streaming tails of horse-hair. The Chinese pavilion is played by shaking or waving the pole up and down and jingling the bells, a

movement

MOVEMENT

which can at best be but a slow one repeated once or
at most twice in a bar to punctuate the phrases and add brilliancy to the military music. The Turkish crescent or " jingling Johnny," as it was familiarly called in the British army bands, was introduced by the Janissaries into western Europe. It has fallen into disuse now, having been replaced by the

glockenspiel

GLOCKENSPIEL, or ORCHESTRAL BELLS (Fr. carillon; Ger. Glockenspiel, Stahlharmonika; Ital. carnpanelli; Med. Lat. tintinnabulum, cymbalum, bombulum)

or steel harmonica. Edinburgh University possesses two specimens.' In the 18th century at Bartholomew

Fair

FAIR

one of the

chief

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

bands hired was one well known as playing in London on winter evenings in front of the

Spring

SPRING (from " to spring," " to leap or jump up," " burst out," O. Eng., springau, a common Teut. word, cf. Ger. springer, possibly allied to Gr. QnrFpxecOac, to move rapidly)

-Garden coffee

house

and opposite Wigley's. This band consisted of a

double

drum, a Dutch organ (see BARREL-ORGAN), a tambourine, a violin, pipes and the Turkish jingle.2 (K. S.)

End of Article: CHINESE PAVILLON, TURKISH CRESCENT, TURKISH JINGLE, or JINGLING JOHNNY (Fr. chapeau chinois; Ger. tiirkischer Halbmond, Schellenbaum; Ital. cappello chinese)

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