CHEREMISSES, or TCHEREMISSES

This article appears in Volume V06, Page 83 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CHA-CHR

CHEREMISSES, or TCHEREMISSES , a Finnish people living in isolated groups in the governments of Kazan, Viatka,

Novgorod

NOVGOROD
NOVGOROD (formerly known as V elikiy-Novgorod,
Great
- GREAT
Novgorod)

Perm

PERM

, Kostroma and Ufa, eastern Russia. Their name for themselves is Mori or Mari (people), possibly identifiable with the ancient Merians of Suzdalia. Their language belongs to the Finno-Ugrian family. They number some 240,000. There are two distinct physical types: one of middle height, black-haired, brown skin and flat-faced; the other short,

fair

FAIR

-haired, white skinned, with narrow eyes and straight short noses. Those who live on the right bank of the

Volga

VOLGA (known to the
Tatars
- TATARS (the common form Tartars is less correct)
as Etil, Jill or Atel; to the Finnish tribes as Rau, and to the ancients as Rha and Oarus)

are sometimes known as Hill Cheremis, and are taller and stronger than those who inhabit the swamps' of the left bank. They are farmers and herd horses and cattle. Their religion is a hotchpotch of Shamanism, Mahommedanism and Christianity. They are usually monogamous. The

chief

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

ceremony of

marriage

MARRIAGE

is a forcible abductionof the

bride

BRIDE (a common Teutonic word, e.g..Goth. bruths, O. Eng. bryd, O. H. Ger. prs2t, Mod. Ger. Bract, Dut. bruid, possibly derived from the root bru-, cook, brew; from the med. latinized form bruta, in the sense of daughter-in-law, is derived the Fr. bru)

. The women, naturally ugly, are often disfigured by sore eyes caused by the smoky atmosphere of the huts. They

wear

WEAR

a head-dress, trimmed with glass jewels, forming a hood behind stiffened with metal. On their breasts they carry a breastplate formed of coins, small bells and copper disks.
See Smirinov, Mordres et Tcheremisses (Paris, 1895) ; J. Abercromby, Pre- and Proto-historic Finns (London, 1898).

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