CHARLOTTESVILLE

This article appears in Volume V05, Page 947 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CHA-CHR

CHARLOTTESVILLE , a city and the county-seat of Albemarle county, Virginia, U.S.A., picturesquely situated on he Rivanna river, 96 m. (by rail) N.W. of Richmond in the beautiful Piedmont region. Pop. (189o) 5591; (1900) 6449 (2613 being negroes); (1910) 6765. The city is served by the Chesapeake &

Ohio

OHIO

, and the Southern railways, and is best known as the seat of the University of Virginia (q.v.), which was founded by

Thomas

Jefferson. Here are also the Rawlings Institute for girls, founded as the Albemarle Female Institute in 1857, and a University school. Monticello, Jefferson's home, is still

standing

STANDING

about 2 M. south-

east

EAST
EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

of the city on a fine hill, called Little Mountain until Jefferson Italianised the name. The south pavilion of the present

house

HOUSE
HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in
Gothic
- GOTHIC
it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

is the

original

ORIGINAL

brick building, one and a half storeys high, first occupied by Jefferson in 1770. He was buried near the

house

HOUSE
HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in
Gothic
- GOTHIC
it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

, which was sold by his daughter some years after his death. George Rogers

Clark

was born near Monticello. Charlottesville is a trade centre for the surrounding country; among its manufactures are woollen goods, overalls, agricultural implements and
cigars and tobacco. The city owns its water-

supply

SUPPLY (through Fr. from Lat. supplere, to fill up)

system and owns and operates its gas plant; an electric plant, privately owned, lights the streets and many houses. The site of the city was a part of the Castle Hill estate of Thomas Walker (17151794), an intimate friend of George Washington. The act establishing the town of Charlottesville was passed by the Assembly of Virginia in Nov ember 1762, when the name Charlottesville (in honour of Queen Charlotte, wife of George III.) first appeared. In 17791780 about 4000 of Burgoyne's troops, surrendered under the " Convention " of Saratoga, were quartered here; in October 178o part of them were sent to

Lancaster

, Pa., and later the rest were sent north. In June 1781 Tarleton raided Charlottesville and the vicinity, nearly captured Thomas Jefferson, and destroyed the public records and some arms and ammunition. In 1888 Charlottesville was chartered as a city administratively independent of the county.

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