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Encyclopedia Britannica



CHARGE

This article appears in Volume V05, Page 859 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CAU-CHA
CHARGE D'AFFAIRES (Fr. for " in charge of business "), the
title
  of two classes of diplomatic agents. (1) Charges d'affaires (ministees charges d'affaires), who were placed by the reglement of the
congress
  of Vienna in the 4th class of diplomatic agents, are heads of permanent
missions
  accredited to countries to which, for some reason, it is not possible or not desirable to send agents of a higher rank. They are distinguished from these latter by the fact that their
credentials
  are addressed by the minister for
foreign
  affairs of the state which they are to represent to the minister for
foreign
  affairs of the receiving state. Though still occasionally accredited, ministers of this class are now rare. They have precedence over the other class of charges d'affaires. (2) Charges d'a ffaires per
interim
 , or charges des affaires, are those who are presented as such, either verbally or in
writing
 , by heads of
missions
  of the first, second or third rank to the minister for foreign affairs of the state to which they are accredited, when they leave their
post
  temporarily, or pending the arrival of their successor. It is usual to appoint a counsellor or secretary of
legation
  charge d'affaires. Some governments are accustomed to give the
title
  of minister to such charges d'affaires, which ranks them with the other heads of
legation
 . Essentially charges d'affaires do not differ from ambassadors, envoys or ministers
resident
 . They represent their nation, and enjoy the same privileges and immunities as other diplomatic agents (see DIPLOMACY).


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