CHAMP4

This article appears in Volume V05, Page 828 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CAU-CHA

CHAMP4 ,GNY, JEAN BAPTISTE NOMPERE DE (1756-1834), French politician, was born at Roanne, and entered the navy in 1774. He fought through the war in America and resigned in 1787. Elected deputy by the noblesse of Forex to the states-general in 1789, he went over to the third estate on the 21st of June and collaborated in the

work

WORK

of the Constituent Assembly, especially occupying himself with the reorganization of the navy. A political career seems to have attracted him little; he remained in private life from 1791 to 1799, when

Napoleon

NAPOLEON

named him member of the council of state. From July 18o1 to August 1804 he was

ambassador

AMBASSADOR (also EMBASSADOR, the form sometimes still used in America; from the Fr. ambassadeur, with which compare Ital. ambasciatore and Span. embajador, all variants of the Med. Lat. ambassiator, ambassiator, ambasator, &c., derived from Med. Lat. amba

of France at Vienna, and directed with

great

GREAT

intelligence the incessant negotiations between the two courts. In August 1804

Napoleon

NAPOLEON

made him minister of the interior, and in this position, which he held for three years, he proved an

administrator

ADMINISTRATOR

of the first order. In addition to the

ordinary

ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

charges of his office, he had to direct the recruitment of the army, organize the industrial exhibition of 18o8, and to complete the public works undertaken in Paris and throughout France. He was devoted to Napoleon, on whom he lavished adulation in his speeches. In August 1807 the emperor chose him to succeed
Talleyrand as minister for foreign affairs. He directed the annexation of the Papal States in April 18o8, worked to secure the

abdication

ABDICATION (Lat. abdicatio, disowning, renouncing, from ab, from, and dicare, to declare, to proclaim as not belonging to one)

of Charles IV. of Spain in May 18o8, negotiated the peace of Vienna (1809) and the

marriage

MARRIAGE

of Napoleon. In April 1811 a quarrel with the emperor led to his retirement, and he obtained the sinecure office of intendant general of the crown. In 1814, after the

abdication

ABDICATION (Lat. abdicatio, disowning, renouncing, from ab, from, and dicare, to declare, to proclaim as not belonging to one)

, the empress sent him on a fruitless mission to the emperor of Austria. Then he went over to the Bourbons. During the Hundred Days he again joined Napoleon. This led to his exclusion by Louis XVIII., but in 1819 he re-covered his dignity of peer. He died in Paris in 1834. He had three sons who became men of distinction. Francois (1804-1882) was a well-known author, who was made a member of the French

Academy

ACADEMY, GREEK
ACADEMY, ROYAL

in 1869. His

great

GREAT

work

WORK

was a history of the Roman empire, in three parts, (r) Les Cesars (1841-1843, 4 vols.), (2) Les Antonins (1863, 3 vols.), (3) Les Cesars du III' siecle (1870, 3 vols.). Napoleon (1806-1872) published a Traite de la police municipale in 4 volumes (1844-1861), and was a deputy in the Corps Legislatif from 1852 to 1870. Jerome Paul (1809-1886) was also deputy in the Corps Legislatif from 1853 to 1870, and was made honorary

chamberlain

in 1859. He worked at the official publication of the correspondence of Napoleon I.

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