CHALDEE

This article appears in Volume V05, Page 805 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CAU-CHA

CHALDEE , a

term

TERM

sometimes applied to the Aramaic portions of the biblical books of Ezra and Daniel or to the vernacular paraphrases of the Old Testament (see TARGUM). The explanation formerly adopted and embodied in the name Chaldee is that the

change

CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

took place in Babylon. That the so-called Biblical Chaldee, in which considerable portions of the books of Ezra and Daniel are written, was really the language of Babylon was supposed to be dear from Dan. ii. 4, where the Chaldaeans are said to have spoken to the king in Aramaic. But the cuneiform

inscriptions

INSCRIPTIONS (from Lat. inscribere, to write upon)

show that the language of the Chaldaeans was Assyrian; and an examination of the very large part of the Hebrew Old Testament written later than the

exile

EXILE (Lat. exsilium or exilium, from exsul or exul, which is derived from ex, out of, and the root sal, to go, seen in salire, to leap,
consul
- CONSUL
- CONSUL (in Gr. generally ihraros,ashortened form of errpavgybs 8hraeos, i.e. praetor maximus)
, &c.; the connexion with solum, soil, country is now generally considered wrong)

proves conclusively that the substitution of Aramaic for Hebrew as the vernacular of Palestine took place very gradually. Hence scholars are now agreed that the

term

TERM

" Chaldee " is a misnomer, and that the dialect so called is really the language of the

South

SOUTH
SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

-Western Arameans, who were the immediate neighbours of the

Jews

(W.

Wright

, Comparative Grammar of the Semitic Languages, p. 16). (See SEMITIC LANGUAGES.)

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