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Encyclopedia Britannica



CHALCEDON

This article appears in Volume V05, Page 802 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CAU-CHA
CHALCEDON , more correctly CALCIIEDON (mod. Kadikeui), an ancient maritime town of Bithynia, in
Asia
 
Minor
 , almost directly opposite Byzantium,
south
  of Scutari. It was a Megarian colony founded on a site so obviously inferior to that which was within view on the opposite shore, that it received from the oracle the name of " the City of the Blind." In its early history it shared the fortunes of Byzantium, was taken by the satrap Otanes, vacillated
long
  between the Lacedaemonian and the Athenian interests, and was at last bequeathed to the Romans by Attalus III. of Pergamum (133 B.C.). It was partly destroyed by
Mithradates
 , but recovered during the Empire, and in A.D. 451 was the seat of the Fourth General Council. It fell under the repeated attacks of the barbarian hordes who crossed over after having ravaged Byzantium, and furnished an encampment to the Persians under Chosroes, c. 616-626. The Turks used it as a quarry for building materials for
Constantinople
 . The site is now occupied by the
village
  of Kadikeui ("
Village
  of the Judge "), which forms the tenth " cercle " of the municipality of
Constantinople
 . Pop. about 33,000, of whom 8000 are Moslems. There is a large British colony with a church, and ' also Greek and Armenian churches and schools, and a training college for Roman Catholic Armenians. To the S. are the ruins of Panteichion (mod. Pendik), where Belisarius is said to have lived in retirement.
See J. von
Hammer
 , Constantinopolis (Pesth, 1822) ; Murray's Handbook for Constantinople (London, 1900).


End of Article: CHALCEDON


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