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Encyclopedia Britannica



CHAETOPODA (Gr. xairq, hair, aous, foot)

This article appears in Volume V05, Page 790 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CAU-CHA
CHAETOPODA (Gr. xairq, hair, aous, foot) , a zoological class, including the
majority
  of the
Annelida
  (q.v.), and indeed,
save
  for the
Echiuroidea
  (q.v.), co-extensive with that
group
  as usually accepted. They are divisible into the Haplodrili (q.v.) or Archiannelida, the Polychaeta containing the marine worms, the Oligochaeta or terrestrial and fresh-water annelids (see EARTHWORM), the Hirudinea or leeches (see LEECH), and a small
group
  of parasitic worms, the Myzostomida (q.v.).
The distinctive 'characters of the class Chaetopoda as a whole are partly embodied in the name. They possess (
save
  for certain Archiannelida, most Hirudinea, and other very rare exceptions) setae or chaetae implanted in epidermal pits. The setae are implanted metamerically in accordance with the metamerism of the
body
 , which consists of a prostomium followed by a number of segments. The number of segments in an individual is frequently more or less definite. The anterior end of
body
  always shows some " cephalization." The internal
organs
  are largely repeated metamerically; in
correspondence
  with the external metamerism. Thus the body cavity is divided into a sequence of chambers by transverse septa; and even among the Hirudinea,
790
where this
condition
  is usually not to be observed, there is embryological evidence that the existing state of affairs is derived from this. Commonly the nephridia are strictly paired a single pair to each segment, while the branches of the blood vascular
system
  are similarly metameric. The alimentary canal is nearly always a straight tube running from the mouth, which is surrounded by the first segment of the body and overhung by the prostomium, to the anus,which is then either surrounded by the last segment of the body or opens dorsally a little way in front of this.


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