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Encyclopedia Britannica



CHABRIAS (4th century B.C.)

This article appears in Volume V05, Page 786 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CAU-CHA
CHABRIAS (4th century B.C.) , a celebrated Athenian general. In 388 B.C. he defeated the Spartans at Aegina and commanded the
fleet
  sent to assist
Evagoras
 , king of Cyprus, against the Persians. In 378, when Athens entered into an alliance with, Thebes against
Sparta
 , he defeated Agesilaus near Thebes. On this occasion he invented a manoeuvre, which consisted in receiving a charge on the left knee, with shields resting on the ground and spears pointed against the enemy. In 376 he gained a decisive victory over the Spartan
fleet
  off Naxos, but, when he might have destroyed the Spartan fleet, remembering the fate of the generals at Arginusae, he delayed to pick up the bodies of his dead. Later, when the Athenians changed sides and joined the Spartans, he repulsed Epaminondas before the walls of Corinth. In 366, together with
Callistratus
 , he was accused of treachery in advising the surrender of
Oropus
  to the Thebans. He was acquitted, and soon after he accepted a command under Tachos, king of
Egypt
 , who had revolted against Persia. But on the outbreak of the Social War (357) he joined Chares in the command of the Athenian fleet. He lost his
life
  in an attack on the
island
  of Chios.
See Cornelius Nepos,
Chabrias
 ; Xenophon, Hellenica, v. 1-4; Diod. Sic. xv. 29-34; and C. Rehdantz, Vitae Iphicratis, Chabriae, et Timothei (1845) ; art. DELIAN LEAGUE, section B, and authorities there quoted.


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