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Encyclopedia Britannica



CELSIUS, ANDERS (1701-1744)

This article appears in Volume V05, Page 609 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CAU-CHA
CELSIUS, ANDERS (1701-1744) , Swedish astronomer, was born at
Upsala
  on the 27th of November 1701. He occupied the chair of astronomy in the university of his native town from 1730 to 1744, but travelled during 1732 and some subsequent years in Germany, Italy and France. At Nuremberg he published in 1733 a collection of 316 observations of the aurora borealis made by himself and others 1716-1732. In Paris he advocated the measurement of an arc of the meridian in
Lapland
 , and took
part
 , in 1736, in the expedition organized for the purpose by the French
Academy
 . Six years later he described the centigrade thermometer in a
paper
  read before the Swedish
Academy
  of Sciences (see
THERMOMETRY
 ). His death occurred at
Upsala
  on the 25th of April 1744. He wrote: Nova Method us distantiam
solis
  a terra determinandi (1730); De observationibus pro figura telluric determinanda (1738); besides many less important works.
See W. Ostwald's Klassiker der exacten Wissenschaften, No. 57 (
Leipzig
 , 1904), where Celsius's memoir on the thermometric scale is given in German with
critical
  and biographical notes (p. 132) ; Marie, Histoire des sciences, viii. 30;
Poggendorff
 's Biog.-literarisches Handworterbuch.


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