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Encyclopedia Britannica



CARMAGNOLE (from Carmagnola, the town in Italy)

This article appears in Volume V05, Page 355 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CAR-CAU
CARMAGNOLE (from Carmagnola, the town in Italy) , a word first applied to a Piedmontese peasant costume, well known in the
south
  of France, and brought to Paris by the revolutionaries
of
Marseilles
  in 1798. It consisted of a short skirted coat with rows of metal buttons, a tricoloured waistcoat and red cap, and became the popular dress of the Jacobins. The name was then given to the famous revolutionary song, composed in 1792, the tune of which, and the wild dance which accompanied it, may have also been brought into France by the Piedmontese. The
original
  first verse began:
" Monsieur Veto (i.e. Louis XVI.) avait promis D'etre fidele a sa patrie."
and each verse ends with the refrain:
" Vive le son, vive le son, Dansons la Carmagnole,
Vive le son
Du
Canon
 ."
The words were constantly altered and added to during the Terror and later; thus the well-known lines,
" Madame Veto avait promis
De faire egorger tout Paris
On lui coupa la the," &c.,
were added after the execution of Marie Antoinette. Played in
double
  time the tune was a favourite
march
  in the Revolutionary armies, until it was forbidden by
Napoleon
 , on becoming First
Consul
 .


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