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Encyclopedia Britannica



CARBAZOL, C12H9N

This article appears in Volume V05, Page 304 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CAL-CAR
CARBAZOL, C12H9N , a chemical constituent of coal-tar and crude anthracene. From the latter it may be obtained by fusion with
caustic
  potash when it is converted into
carbazol
 -potassium, which can be easily separated by distilling off the anthracene. It may be prepared synthetically by passing the vapours of diphenylamine or aniline through a red-hot tube; by
heating
  diorthodiaminodiphenyl with 25 % sulphuric acid to 200 C. for 15
hours
 ; by
heating
  orthoaminodiphenyl with lime; or by heating thiodiphenylamine with copper powder. It is also obtained as a decomposition product of brucine or strychnine, when these alkaloids are distilled with
zinc
  dust. It is easily soluble in the common organic solvents, and crystallizes in plates or tables melting at 238 C. It is a very
stable
  compound, possessing feebly basic properties and characterized by its ready sublimation. It distils unchanged, even when the operation is carried out in the presence of
zinc
  dust. On being heated with
caustic
  potash in a current of carbonic acid, it gives
carbazol
  carbonic acid C12H$N COOH; melted with oxalic acid it gives carbazol blue. It dissolves in concentrated sulphuric acid to a clear yellow solution. The potassium
salt
  reacts with the alkyl iodides to give N-substituted alkyl derivatives. It gives the pine-shaving reaction, in this respect resembling pyrrol (q.v.).


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