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Encyclopedia Britannica



CAPUA (anc. Casilinum;, a town and archiepiscopal see of Campania, Italy, in the province of Caserta, 7 M. W. by rail from the town oI Caserta. Pop. (1901) 14

This article appears in Volume V05, Page 294 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CAL-CAR
CAPUA (anc. Casilinum;, a town and archiepiscopal see of Campania, Italy, in the province of Caserta, 7 M. W. by rail from the town oI Caserta. Pop. (1901) 14 ,285. It was erected in 856 by
Bishop
  Landulf on the site of
Casilinum
  (q.v.) after the destruction of the ancient
Capua
  by the Saracens in 84o, but it only occupies the Ate of the
original
  pre-Roman town on the left (
south
 ) bank of the river.
The
cathedral
  of S. Stefano, erected in 856, has a handsome atrium and a lofty Lombard campanile, and a (modernized) interior with three aisles; both it and the atrium have ancient granite columns. The Romanesque crypt, with ancient columns, has also been restored. It has a fine paschal candlestick, and the fragments of a pulpit with
marble
  mosaic of the r3th century. There are also preserved in the
cathedral
  a fine Exultet roll and an evangelarium of the end of the 12th century, bound in bronze decorated with gold filigree and enamels. The mosaics of the beginning of the 12th century in the apses of the cathedral and of S. Benedetto, were destroyed about 1720 and 1620 respectively. The small church of S.
Marcello
  was also built in 856. In 12321240 Frederick II. erected a castle to guard the Roman
bridge
  over the
Volturno
 , composed of a triumphal arch with two towers. This was demolished in 1557. The statues with which it was decorated were contemporary imitations of classical sculptures. Some of them are still preserved in the Museo Campano (E. Bertaux, L'Art clans l'Italie meridionale, Paris, 1904, i. 707). The Museo Campano also contains a considerable collection of antiquities from the ancient
Capua
 .
Capua changed hands frequently during the middle ages. One of the most memorable facts in its history is the terrible attack made on it in 15or by Caesar Borgia, who had entered the town by treachery, in which 5000 lives were sacrificed. It remained a part of the kingdom of Naples until the 2nd of November 186o, when, a month after the battle of the
Volturno
 , it surrendered to the Italian troops. (T. As.)


End of Article: CAPUA (anc. Casilinum;, a town and archiepiscopal see of Campania, Italy, in the province of Caserta, 7 M. W. by rail from the town oI Caserta. Pop. (1901) 14


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