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Encyclopedia Britannica



CAPELLA, MARTIANUS MINNEUS FELIX

This article appears in Volume V05, Page 249 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CAL-CAR
CAPELLA, MARTIANUS MINNEUS FELIX , Latin writer, according to Cassiodorus a native of Madaura in Africa, flourished during the 5th century, certainly before the year 439. He appears to have practised as a lawyer at Carthage and to have been in easy circumstances. His curious encyclopaedic
work
 , entitled Satyricon, or De Nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii et de septem Artibus liberalibus libri novem, is an elaborate
allegory
  in nine books, written in a mixture of
prose
  and verse, after the manner of the Menippean satires of Varro. The style is heavy and involved, loaded with metaphor and bizarre expressions, and verbose to excess. The first two books contain the
allegory
  properthe
marriage
  of Mercury to a nymph named Philologia. The remaining seven books contain expositions of the seven liberal arts, which then comprehended all human knowledge. Book iii. treats of grammar, iv. of dialectics, v. of rhetoric, vi. of geometry, vii. of arithmetic, viii. of astronomy, ix. of music. These abstract discussions are linked on to the
original
  allegory by the device of personifying each science as a courtier of Mercury and Philologia. The
work
  was a complete encyclopaedia of the liberal culture of the time, and was in high repute during the middle ages. The author's
chief
  sources were Varro, Pliny, Solinus, Aquila Romanus, and Aristides Quintilianus. His
prose
  resembles that of
Apuleius
  (also a native of Madaura), but is even more difficult. The verse portions, which are on the whole correct and classically constructed, are in imitation of Varro and are less tiresome.
A passage in book viii. contains a very clear statement of the heliocentric
system
  of astronomy. It has been supposed that
Copernicus
 , who quotes
Capella
 , may have received from this work some hints towards his own new
system
 .
Editio princeps, by F. Vitalis Bodianus, 1499; the best modern edition is that of F. Eyssenhardt (1866); for the relationof Martianus
Capella
  to Aristides Quintilianus see H. Deiters, Studien zu den griechischen Musikern (,88,). In the 11th century the German monk Notker Labeo translated the first two books into Old High German.


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