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Encyclopedia Britannica



CANTON, JOHN (1718-1772)

This article appears in Volume V05, Page 218 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CAL-CAR
CANTON, JOHN (1718-1772) , English natural philosopher, was born at Stroud, Gloucestershire, on the 31st of July 1718. At the age of nineteen, he was articled for five years as clerk to the master of a school in Spital Square, London, with whom at the end of that time he entered into partnership. In 1750 he read a
paper
  before the Royal Society on a method of making artificial magnets, which procured him election as a fellow of the society and the
award
  of the Copley
medal
 . He was the first in England to verify Benjamin Franklin's hypothesis of the identity of lightning and electricity, and he made several import-
ant electrical discoveries. In 1762 and 1764 he published
experiments in refutation of the decision of the Florentine
Academy
 , at that time generally accepted, that water is incompressible; and in 1768 he described the preparation, by calcining
oyster
 -shell with
sulphur
 , of the phosphorescent material known as
Canton
 's phosphorus. His investigations were carried on without any intermission of his
work
  as a schoolmaster. He died in London on the 22nd of
March
  1772.


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