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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CAL-CAR |
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CALLIAS and HIPPONICUS, two names borne alternately by the heads of a wealthy and distinguished Athenian family. During the 5th and 4th centuries B.C. the office of daduchus or torch-bearer at the Eleusinian mysteries was the hereditary privilege of the family till its extinction. The following members deserve mention. 1. CALLIAS, the second of the name, fought at the battle of Marathon (4go) in priestly attire. Some time after the death of Cimon, probably about 445 B.C., he was sent to Susa to conclude with Artaxerxes, king of Persia, a treaty of peace afterwards misnamed the " peace of Cimon." Cimon had nothing to do with it, and he was totally opposed to the idea of peace with Persia (see CIMON). At all events Callias's mission does not seem to have been successful; he was indicted for high treason on his return to Athens and sentenced to a fine of fifty talents.See Herodotus vii. 151; Diod. Sic. xii. 4; Demosthenes
Greece
2. Hn'poNlcus, son of the above. Together with Eurymedon he commanded the Athenian forces in the incursion into Boeotian territory (426 B.c.) and was slain at the battle of Delium (424). His wife, whom he divorced, subsequently became the wife of Pericles; one of his daughters, Hipparete, married Alcibiades; another, the wife of Theodorus
mother
See Thucydides
3. CALLIAS, son of the above, the black sheep of the family, was notorious for his profligacy and extravagance, and was ridiculed by the comic poets as an example of a degenerate Athenian (Aristophanes, Frogs, 429, Birds, 283, and schol. Andocides, De Mysteriis, 110131). The scene of Xenophon's Symposium and Plato's Protagoras was laid at his house
Sparta
See Xenophon, Hellenica, iv. 5, vi. 3 ; and DELIAx LEAGUE. End of Article: CALLIAS If you wish, you can link directly to this article.
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