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Encyclopedia Britannica



C3H6N2O3

This article appears in Volume V27, Page 795 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BUN-CAL
C3H6N2O3 = CO2+C2H5OH +N2 (alkalis),
2C3H6N2O3=2CO2+C2H5OH+2N2+H2O+C2H` (acids). On oxidation it yields nitro-urethane. With a methyl alcoholic solution of potash it yields a yellow precipitate, which is probably the potassium
salt
  of nitrosocarbamic acid, NKNOCO2K. Nitro-urethane, NO2NHCO2C2H5, formed by dissolving urethane in concentrated sulphuric acid and adding
ethyl
  nitrate to the well-cooled mixture (J. Thiele, ibid.), crystallizes in plates which melt at 64 C. and is soluble in water. It has a strongly acid reaction, its salts, however, being neutral. Its silver
salt
  with methyl iodide gives a methyl ether, which is readily split by ammonia into methyl nitramine and methyl urethane (cf. A. P. Franchimont, Rec. tray. chim., 1894, 13, p. 309). On reduction with zinc dust and acetic acid it yields hydrazine carboxylic ester. Phenyl urethena, C6H5NHCO2C2H5, is formed by the action of cyanformic ester on aniline at too C.; by the action of
absolute
 
alcohol
  on benzoyl azoimide (T. Curtius, Jour.
peak
 . Chem.12], 52, p. 214); and by the action of bromine and sodium ethylate on benzamide (E.
Jeffreys
 , Amer. Chem. Jour., 1899, 22, p. 41). It crystallizes in
long
  needles which melt at 5152 C. and boil at 227228 C. (with partial de-composition). It is easily soluble in
alcohol
  and when heated in a sealed tube yields aniline and urea. With phosphorus pentasulphide it yields phenyl mustard oil.
Physiologically urethane has a rapid hypnotic action, producing a calm sleep and having no depressant effect on the circulation. It is much used as an anaesthetic for animals. Di-urethane, NH (CO2C2H5)2, and hedonal, NH2CO2CH (CH3). (C3H7), are also
narcotics
 , the latter being, in addition, a powerful diuretic. Phenyl urethane or euphorin has a physiological action more like that of acetanilide and
phenacetin
  than of urethane. It depresses the temperature and is an analgesic. It is of little value as an hypnotic.


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