BUZOT, FRANCOIS NICOLAS LEONARD (176o-1794)

This article appears in Volume V04, Page 895 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

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BUZOT, FRANCOIS NICOLAS LEONARD (176o-1794) , French revolutionist, was born at Evreux on the 1st of

March

1760. He studied law, and at the outbreak of the Revolution was an

advocate

in his native town. In 1789 he was elected

deputy

DEPUTY (through the Fr. from a Late Lat. use of deputare, to cut off, allot; putare having the original sense of to trim, prune)

to the states-general, and there became known for his advanced opinions. He demanded the nationalization of the possessions of the clergy, and the right of all citizens to carry arms. After the dissolution of the Constituent Assembly, Buzot returned to Evreux, where he was named president of the criminal tribunal. In 1792 he was elected

deputy

DEPUTY (through the Fr. from a Late Lat. use of deputare, to cut off, allot; putare having the original sense of to trim, prune)

to the Convention, and took his place among the Girondists. He demanded the formation of a national guard from the departments to defend the Convention against the populace of Paris. His proposal was carried, but never put into force; and the Parisians were extremely bitter against him and the Girondists. In the trial of Louis XVI., Buzot voted for death, but with appeal to the people and postponement of sentence. He had a decree of death passed against the emigres who did not return to France, and against anyone who should demand the re-

establishment

ESTABLISHMENT (0. Fr. establissement, Fr. etablissement,
late
- LATE
Norm. Fr. establishement, from O. Fr. establir, Fr. etablir, Lat. stabilire, to make
stable
- STABLE
)

of the monarchy. Proscribed with the Girondists on the 2nd of June 1793, he succeeded in escaping, and took

refuge

REFUGE

in Normandy, where he contributed to organize a federalist insurrection against the Convention, which was speedily suppressed. Buzot was outlawed, and fled to the neighbourhood of Bordeaux, and committed suicide in the woods of St Emilion on the 18th of June 1794. He was an intelligent and honest man, although he seems to have profited by the sale of the possessions of the clergy, but he had a stubborn, unyielding temperament, was incapable of making concessions, and was dominated by Madame Roland, who imparted to him her hatred of Danton and the Montagnards.
See Memoires de Petion, Barbaroux, Buzot, published by C. A. Daubon (Paris, 1866). For the history of the federalist

movement

MOVEMENT

in Normandy, see L. Boivin Champeaux, Notices pour servir a 1'histoire de la Revolution dans le departement de l'Eure (Evreux and Paris, 1884).

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