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Encyclopedia Britannica



BUTYL ALCOHOLS, C4H9OH

This article appears in Volume V04, Page 892 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BUN-CAL
BUTYL ALCOHOLS, C4H9OH . Four isomeric
alcohols
  of this
formula
  are known; two of these are
primary
 ., one secondary, and one tertiary (see
ALCOHOLS
 ). Normal butyl alcohol, CH3(CH2)2CH2OH, is a colourless liquid, boiling at 116.8, and formed by reducing normal butyl aldehyde with sodium, or by a
peculiar
  fermentation of glycerin, brought about by a schizomycete. Isobutyl alcohol, (CH3)2CHCH2OH, the butyl alcohol of fermentation, is a
primary
  alcohol derived from isobutane. It may be prepared by the general methods, and occurs in fusel oil, especially in
potato
  spirit. It is a liquid, smelling like fusel oil and boiling at Io8.4 C. Methyl
ethyl
  carbinol, CH3C2H5CHOH, is the secondary alcohol derived from n-butane. It is a strongly smelling liquid, boiling at 990. Trimethyl carbinol or tertiary butyl alcohol, (CH3)1.COH, is the simplest tertiary alcohol, and was obtained by A. Butlerow in 1864 by acting with
zinc
  methyl on acetyl chloride (see ALCOHOLS). It forms rhombic prisms or plates which melt at 25 and boil at 83, and has a spiritous smell, resembling that of camphor.


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