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Encyclopedia Britannica



BUSSACO (or BusAco), SERRA DE

This article appears in Volume V04, Page 875 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BUN-CAL
BUSSACO (or BusAco), SERRA DE , a mountain range on the frontiers of the Aveiro, Coimbra, and Vizeu districts of Portugal, formerly included in the province of Beira. The highest point in the range is the Ponta de Bussaco (1795 ft.), which commands a magnificent view over the Serra da Estrella, the Mondego valley and the Atlantic Ocean. Luso (pop. 1661), a
village
  celebrated for its hot
mineral
  springs, is the nearest railway station, on the Guarda-Figueira da Foz line, which skirts the northern slopes of the Serra. Towards the close of the 19th century the Serra de Bussaco became one of the regular halting-places for foreign, and especially for British, tourists, on the overland route between Lisbon and Oporto. Its hotel, built in the Manoellian stylea blend of Moorish and Gothicencloses the buildings of a secularized Carmelite monastery, founded in 1268. The convent woods, now a royal domain, have long been famous for their cypress, plane,
evergreen
  oak, cork and other forest trees, many of which have stood for centuries and attained an immense size. A
bull
  of
Pope
  Gregory XV. (1623), anathematizing trespassers and forbidding women to approach, is inscribed on a tablet at the main entrance; another
bull
 , of Urban VIII.(1643), threatens with
excommunication
  any person harming the trees. In 1873 a
monument
  was erected, on the southern slopes of the. Serra, to commemorate the battle of Bussaco, in which the French, under
Marshal
  Massena, were defeated by the British and Portuguese, under Lord
Wellington
 , on the 27th of September 181o.


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