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Encyclopedia Britannica



BURSCHEI4SCHAFT

This article appears in Volume V04, Page 863 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BUN-CAL
BURSCHEI4SCHAFT , an association of students at the
German
  universities. It was formed as a result of the
German
  national sentiment awakened by the War of Liberation, its
object
  being to foster patriotism and Christian conduct, as opposed to the particularism and low moral standard of the old Landsmannschaften. It originated at Jena, under the patronage of the grand-duke of Saxe-
Weimar
 , and rapidly spread, the Allgemeine deutsche Burschenschaft being established in 1818. The loud political idealism of the Burschen excited the fears of the reactionary
powers
 , which culminated after the murder of Kotzebue (q.v.) by Karl Sand in 1819, a crime inspired by a
secret
  society among the Burschen known as the Blacks (Schwarzen). The repressive policy embodied in the Carlsbad Decrees (q.v.) was therefore directed mainly against the Burschenschaft, which none the less survived to take
part
  in the revolutions of 1830. After the emeute at
Frankfort
  in 1833, the association was again suppressed, but it lived on until, in 1848, all
laws
  against it were abrogated. The Burschenschaften are now purely social and non-political
societies
 . The Ref ormburschenschaften, formed since 1883 on the principle of excluding duelling, are united in the Allgemeiner deutscher Burschenbund.


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