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Encyclopedia Britannica



BURNS, SIR GEORGE

This article appears in Volume V04, Page 855 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BUN-CAL
BURNS, SIR GEORGE , Bart. (17951890),
English
  shipowner, was born in Glasgow on the loth of December 1995, the son of the Rev. John Burns. In partnership with a brother, James, he began as a Glasgow general merchant about 1818, and in 1824 in conjunction with a Liverpool partner, Hugh Matthie, started a line of small sailing ships which ran between Glasgow and Liverpool. As business increased the vessels were also sailed to Belfast, and steamers afterwards replaced the sailing ships. In 183o a partnership was entered into with the Mclvers of Liverpool, in which George Burns devoted himself specially to the management of the ships. In 1838 with Samuel Cunard, Robert Napier and other capitalists, the partners (McIver and Burns) started the " Cunard "
Atlantic
  line of steamships. They secured the British government's
contract
  for the carrying of the mails to North America. The sailings were begun with four steamers of about loon tons each, which made the passage in 15 days at some 81 knots per hour. George Burns retired from the Glasgow management of the line in 186o. He was made a
baronet
  in 1889, but died on the 2nd of June 1890 at Castle Wemyss, where he had spent the latter years of his
life
 .
John Burns (18291901), his eldest son, who succeeded him in the baronetcy, and became head of the Cunard Company, was created a peer, under the title of Baron Inverclyde, in 1897; he was the first to suggest to the government the use of merchant vessels for war purposes. George
Arbuthnot
  Burns (18611905) succeeded his father in the peerage, as 2nd baron Inverclyde, and became chairman of the Cunard Company in 1902. He conducted the negotiations which resulted in the refusal of the Cunard Company to enter the shipping combination, the
International
  Mercantile Marine Company, formed by Messrs J. P.
Morgan
  & Co., and took a leading
part
  in the application of
turbine
  engines to ocean liners.


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