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Encyclopedia Britannica



BURNLEY

This article appears in Volume V04, Page 855 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BUN-CAL
BURNLEY , a market town and municipal, county and parliamentary borough of Lancashire, England, at the junction of the rivers Brun and
Calder
 , 213 M. N.N.W. of London and 29 M. N. of Manchester, on the Lancashire & Yorkshire railway and the Leeds & Liverpool Canal. Pop. (1891) 87,016; (Igor) 97,043. The church of St Peter dates from the 14th century, but is largely modernized; among a
series
  of memorials of the Towneley family is one to Charles Towneley (d. 18o5), who collected the
series
  of antique
marbles
 , terra-cottas, bronzes, coins and gems which are named after him and preserved in the British Museum. In 1902 Towneley
Hall
  and Park were acquired by the
corporation
 , the mansion being adapted to use as a museum and art gallery, and in 1903 a summer exhibition was held here. There are a large number of modern churches and chapels, a handsome town-
hall
 , market hall, museum and art gallery, school of science, municipal technical school, various benevolent institutions, and pleasant public parks and recreation grounds. The principal industries are
cotton
 -weaving, worsted-making, iron-founding, coal-mining, quarrying, brick-burning and the making of sanitary wares. It has been suggested that Burnley may coincide with Brunanburh, the battlefield on which the
Saxons
  conquered the Dano-Celtic force in 937. During the
cotton
  famine consequent upon the American war of 186165 it suffered severely, and the operatives were employed on relief works embracing an extensive system of improvements. The parliamentary borough (1867), which returns one member, falls within the Clitheroe division of the county. The county borough was created in 1888. The town was incorporated in 1861. The
corporation
  consists of a mayor, 12 aldermen and 36 councillors. By act of parliament in 1890 Burnley was created a suffragan bishopric of the diocese of Manchester. Area of the municipal borough, 4005 acres.


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