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Encyclopedia Britannica



BURNELL, ARTHUR COKE (18401882)

This article appears in Volume V04, Page 850 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BUN-CAL
BURNELL, ARTHUR COKE (18401882) , English Sanskrit scholar, was born at St Briavels, Gloucestershire, in 1840. His father was an official of the
East
  India Company, and in 186o he himself went out to
Madras
  as a member of the Indian civil service. Here he utilized every available opportunity to acquire or copy Sanskrit manuscripts. In 1870 he presented his collectionof 350 MSS. to the India library. In 1874 he published a Hand-book of
South
  Indian
Palaeography
 , characterized by Max Muller as " indispensable to every student of Indian literature," and in 188o issued for the
Madras
  government his greatest
work
 , the Classified Index to the Sanskrit MSS. in the Palace at Tanjore. He was also the author of a large number of translations from, and commentaries on, various other Sanskrit manuscripts, being particularly successful in grouping and elucidating the essential principles of Hindu law. In addition to his exhaustive acquaintance with Sanskrit, and the southern India vernaculars, he had some knowledge of Tibetan, Arabic, Kawi, Javanese and Coptic. Burnell originated with Sir
Henry
 
Yule
  the well-known dictionary of Anglo-Indian words and phrases, Hobson-Jobson. His constitution, never strong, broke down prematurely through the combined influence of overwork and the Madras climate, and he died at West Stratton,
Hampshire
 , on the 12th of October 1882. A further collection of Sanskrit manuscripts was purchased from his heirs by the India library after his death.


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