BURCKHARDT, JAKOB (18181897)

This article appears in Volume V04, Page 809 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BUN-CAL

BURCKHARDT, JAKOB (18181897) , Swiss writer on art, was born at Basel on the 25th of May 1818; he was educated there and at Neuchatel, and till, 1839 was intended to be a pastor. In 1838 he made his first journey to Italy, and also published his first important articles Bemerkungen fiber schweizerische Kathedralen. In 1839 he went to the university of Berlin, where he studied till 1843, spending

part

PART

of 1841 at

Bonn

BONN

, where he was a pupil of Franz Kugler, the art historian, to whom his first book, Die Kunstwerke d. belgischen Stddte (1842), was dedicated. He was professor of history at the university of Basel (18451847, 18491855 and 18581893) and at the federal

polytechnic

POLYTECHNIC (Gr. aroWus, many, and rEXvn, an art)

school at Zurich (18551858). In 1847 he brought out new editions of Kugler's two

great

GREAT

works, Geschichte der Malerei and Kunstgeschichte, and in 1853 published his own

work

WORK

, Die Zeil Constantins des Grossen. He spent the greater

part

PART

of the years 18531854 in Italy, where he collected the materials for one of his most famous works, Der Cicerone: eine Anleitung zum Genuss der Kunstwerke Italiens, which was dedicated to Kugler and appeared in 1855 (7th German edition, 1899; English

translation

TRANSLATION

of the sections relating to paintings, by Mrs A. H. Clough, London, 1873). This

work

WORK

, which includes sculpture and architecture, as well as

painting

PAINTING

, has become indispensable to the art traveller in Italy. About half of the

original

ORIGINAL

edition was devoted to the art of the Renaissance, so that

Burckhardt

was naturally led on to the preparation of his two other celebrated works, Die Cultur der Renaissance in Italien (1860, 5th German edition 1896, and English

translation

TRANSLATION

, by S. G. C. Middlemore, in 2 vols., London, 1878), and the Geschichte der Renaissance in Italien (1867, 3rd German edition 1891). In 1867 he refused a professorship at

Tubingen

TUBINGEN

, and in 1872 another (that left vacant by Ranke) at Berlin, remaining faithful to Basel. He died in 1897.
See Life by Hans Trog in the Basler Jahrbuch for 1898, pp. 1-172. (W. A. B. C.)

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