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Encyclopedia Britannica



BUNTER

This article appears in Volume V04, Page 802 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BUN-CAL
BUNTER , the name applied by
English
  geologists to the lower stage or subdivision of the Triassic rocks in the United Kingdom. The name has been adapted from the German Buntsandstein, Der bunte Sandstein, for it was in Germany that this continental type of Triassic deposit was first carefully studied. In France, the Bunter is known as the Gres bigarre. In northern and central Germany, in the Harz, Thuringia and Hesse, the Bunter is usually conformable with the underlying Permian formation; in the
south
 -west and west, however, it transgresses on to older rocks, on to Coal
Measures
  near Saarbruck, and upon the crystalline schists of
Odenwald
  and the Black Forest.
The German subdivisions of the Bunter are as follows;(1) Upper Buntsandstein, or Rot, mottled red and green marls and clays with occasional beds of shale,
sandstone
 , gypsum, rocksalt and dolomite. In Hesse and Thuringia, a quartzitic
sandstone
  prevails in the lower
part
 . The " Rhizocoralhum Dolomite " (R. Jenense, probably a sponge) of the latter
district
  contains the only Bunter fauna of any importance. In
Lorraine
  and the
Eifel
  and Saar districts there are micaceous clays and sandstones with plant remainsthe Voltsia sandstone. The lower beds in the Black Forest, Vosges,
Odenwald
  and
Lorraine
  very generally contain strings of dolomite and carnelianthe so-called " Carneol bank." (2) Middle Buntsandstein-Hauptbuntsandstein (900 ft.), the bulk
II


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