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Encyclopedia Britannica



BRUNO, SAINT

This article appears in Volume V04, Page 685 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BRI-BUN
BRUNO, SAINT , founder of the Carthusians, was born in Cologne about 1030; he was educated there and afterwards at Reims and Tours, where he studied under Berengar. He was ordained at Cologne, and thence, in 1057, he was recalled to Reims to become scholasticus, or head of the
cathedral
  school, and overseer of the schools of the diocese. He was made also canon and diocesan
chancellor
 . Having protested against the misdoings of a new archbishop, he was deprived of all his offices and had to fly for safety (1o76). On the deposition of the arch-
bishop
  in xo8o, Bruno was presented by the ecclesiastical authorities to the
pope
  for the see, but Philip I. of France successfully opposed the appointment. After this Bruno left Reims and retired, with six companions, to a desert among the mountains near
Grenoble
 , and there founded the Carthusian order (1084). After six years Urban II. called him to Rome and offered him the archbishopric of Reggio; but he refused it, and withdrew to a desert in
Calabria
 , where he established two other monasteries, and died in 1101. He wrote Commentaries on the
Psalms
  and the Pauline Epistles, to be found in
Migne
 , Patr. Lat. clii. and cliii.; some works by namesakes have been attributed to him.
His
Life
  will be found in the Boilandists' Acta Sanctorum (6th of October). The best study on St Bruno's
life
  and works is Hermann Label, Der Stiffer des Karthauser-Ordens, 1899 (vol. v. No. i of Kirchengeschichtliche Studien," Munster). (E. C. B.)


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