BRUGSCH, HEINRICH KARL (1827-1894)

This article appears in Volume V04, Page 679 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BRI-BUN

BRUGSCH, HEINRICH KARL (1827-1894) , German Egyptologist, was the son of a Prussian cavalry officer, and was born in the barracks at Berlin, on the 18th of

February

FEBRUARY

1827. He early manifested a

great

GREAT

inclination to Egyptian studies, in which, though encouraged by Humboldt, he was almost entirely self-taught. After completing his university course and visiting foreign museums he was sent to

Egypt

EGYPT

by the Prussian government in 1853, and contracted an intimate friendship with

Mariette

MARIETTE, AUGUSTE FERDINAND FRANCOIS (1821-1881)

. On his return he received an appointment in the Berlin museum. In r86o he was sent to Persia on a

special

SPECIAL

mission under Baron Minutoli, travelled over the country, and after Minutoli's death discharged the functions of

ambassador

AMBASSADOR (also EMBASSADOR, the form sometimes still used in America; from the Fr. ambassadeur, with which compare Ital. ambasciatore and Span. embajador, all variants of the Med. Lat. ambassiator, ambassiator, ambasator, &c., derived from Med. Lat. amba

. LI 1864 he was

consul

at Cairo, in 1868 professor at Gottingen, and in 1870 director of the school of Egyptology, founded at Cairo by the khedive. From this post he was unceremoniously dismissed in 1879 by the European controllers of the public revenues, determined to economize at all hazards; and French influence prevented his succeeding his friend

Mariette

MARIETTE, AUGUSTE FERDINAND FRANCOIS (1821-1881)

at the Bulaq Museum in 1883. He afterwards resided principally in Germany until his death on the 9th of September 1894, but frequently visited

Egypt

EGYPT

, took

part

PART

in another official mission to Persia, and organized an Egyptian exhibit at the Philadelphia Exposition in 1876. He had been made a pasha by the khedive in 1881. He published his autobiography in 1894, concluding with a warm panegyric upon British

rule

RULE

in Egypt. Brugsch's services to Egyptology are most important, particularly in the decipherment of

demotic

DEMOTIC (Gr. Srlľorucos, of or belonging to the people)

and the making of a vast hieroglyphic-

demotic

DEMOTIC (Gr. Srlľorucos, of or belonging to the people)

dictionary (1867-1882).
See H. Brugsch, Mein Leben and mein Wandern; also art. EGYPT, section Language and Writing.

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