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Encyclopedia Britannica



BRICKWORK

This article appears in Volume V04, Page 521 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BOS-BRI
BRICKWORK , in building, the term applied to constructions made of bricks. The tools and implements employed by the bricklayer are:the trowel for spreading the mortar; the plumb-
rule
  to keep the
work
  perpendicular, or in the case of an inclined or battering
wall
 , to a regular batter, for the plumb-
rule
  may be made to suit any required inclination; the spirit-level to keep the
work
 
horizontal
 , often used in conjunction with a straight-edge in order to test a greater length; and the gauge-rod with the brick-courses marked on it. The quoins or angles are first built up with the aid of the gauge-rod, and the intermediate work is kept regular by means of the line and line pins fixed in the joints. The raker, jointer, pointing rule and Frenchman are used in pointing joints, the pointing staff being held on a small board called the hawk. For roughly cutting bricks the large trowel is used; for neater work such as facings, the bolster and club-
hammer
 ; the cold chisel is for general cutting away, and for chases and holes. When bricks require to be cut, the work is set out with the square, bevel and compasses. If thebrick to be shaped is a hard one it is placed on a V-shaped cutting
block
 , an incision made. where desired with the tin saw, and after the bolster and club-
hammer
  have removed the portion of the brick, the scutch, really a small axe, is used to hack off the rough parts. For cutting soft bricks, such as rubbers and maims, a
frame
  saw with a blade of soft iron wire is used, and the face is brought to a true surface'on the rubbing stone, a slab of Yorkshire stone.
In
ordinary
  practice a
scaffold
  is carried up with the walls and made to rest on them. Having built up as high as he can reach from the ground:, the scaffoi.der erects a
scaffold
  with standards, ledgers and putlogs to carry the scaffold boards (see


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