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Encyclopedia Britannica



BREISLAK, SCIPIONE (1748-1826)

This article appears in Volume V04, Page 492 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BOS-BRI
BREISLAK, SCIPIONE (1748-1826) , Italian geologist of German parentage, was born at Rome in 1748. He early distinguished himself as professor of mathematical and mechanical philosophy in the college of
Ragusa
 ; but after residing there forseveral years he returned to his native city, where he became a professor in the Collegio Nazareno, and began to form the fine mineralogical cabinet in that institution. His leisure was dedicated to
geological
  researches in the papal states. His account of the aluminous
district
  of Tolfa and adjacent hills, published in 1786, gained for him the notice of the king of Naples, who invited him to inspect the, mines and similar works in that kingdom, and appointed him professor of
mineralogy
  to the royal artillery. The vast works for the refining of
sulphur
  in the volcanic
district
  of Solfatara were erected under his direction. He afterwards made many journeys through the ancient Campania to illustrate its geology, and published in 1798 his Topografia fisica della Campania, which contains the results of much accurate observation. Breislak also published an essay on the physical
condition
  of the seven hills of Rome, which he regarded as the remains of a local
volcano
 ,an
opinion
  shown to be erroneous by the later researches of G. B. Brocchi. The political convulsions of Italy in 1799 brought Breislak to Paris, where he remained until 1802, when, being appointed inspector of the saltpetre and powder manufactories near
Milan
 , he removed to that city. The
mineral
  Breislakite was named after him. He died on the 15th of February 1826. His other publications include:Introduzione alla geologia (1811, French ed. 1819); Traite sur la structure exterieure du globe, 3 vols. and atlas (
Milan
 , 1818, 1822); Descrizione geologica della provincia di Milano (1822).


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