BREAL, MICHEL JULES ALFRED (1832 )

This article appears in Volume V04, Page 481 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BOS-BRI

BREAL, MICHEL JULES ALFRED (1832 ) , French philologist, was born on the 26th of

March

1832, at Landau in Rhenish Bavaria, of French parents. After studying at Weissenburg, Metz and Paris, he entered the Ecole Normale in 1852. In 1857 he went to Berlin, where he studied Sanskrit under Bopp and Weber. On his return to France he obtained an

appointment

APPOINTMENT, POWER OF

in the department of oriental MSS. at the Bibliotheque Imperiale. In 1864 he became professor of

comparative

COMPARATIVE

grammar at the College de France, in 1875 member of the Academie des

Inscriptions

INSCRIPTIONS (from Lat. inscribere, to write upon)

et Belles-lettres, in 1879 inspecteurgeneral of public instruction for higher schools until the abolition of the

office

OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

in 1888. In 1890 he was made

commander

COMMANDER

of the Legion of Honour. Among his works, which deal mainly with mythological and philological subjects, may be mentioned:
L' Etude des origines de la religion Zoroastrienne (1862), for which
a prize was awarded him by the Academie des

Inscriptions

INSCRIPTIONS (from Lat. inscribere, to write upon)

; Hercule et Cacus (1863), in which he disputes the principles of the symbolic school in the interpretation of myths; Le Mythe d'CEdipe (1864); Les Tables Eugubines (1875); Melanges de mythologie et de linguistique (2nd. ed., 1882); Lecons de mots (1882, 1886), Dictionnaire etymologique latin (1885) and Grammaire latine (1890). His Essai de Semantique (1897), on the signification of words, has been translated into

English

ENGLISH

by Mrs H. Cust with

preface

PREFACE (Med. Lat. prefatia, for classical praefatio, praefari, to speak beforehand)

by J. P. Postgate. His

translation

TRANSLATION

of Bopp's

Comparative

COMPARATIVE

Grammar (1866-1874), with introductions, is highly valued. He has also written pamphlets on education in France, the teaching of ancient languages, and the reform of French orthography. In 1906 he published Pour mieux connaitre Homere.

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