BRAMANTE, or BRAMANTE

This article appears in Volume V04, Page 418 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BOS-BRI

BRAMANTE, or BRAMANTE LAllARI (c. 1444-1514), Italian architect and painter, whose real name was Donato d'Augnolo, was born at Monte-Asdrualdo in Urbino, in July 1444 He showed a

great

GREAT

taste for drawing, and was at an early age placed under Fra Bartolommeo, called Fra Carnavale. But though he afterwards gained some fame as a painter, his attention was soon absorbed by architecture. He appears to have studied under Scirro Scirri, an architect in his native place, and perhaps under other masters. He then set out from Urbino, and proceeded through several of the towns of Lombardy, executing works of various magnitudes, and examining patiently all remains of ancient art. At last, attracted by the fame of the

great

GREAT

Duomo, he reached

Milan

MILAN
MILAN (Ital. Milano, Ger. Mailand, anc. Mediolanum, q.v.)

, where he remained from 1476 to 1499. He seems to have left

Milan

MILAN
MILAN (Ital. Milano, Ger. Mailand, anc. Mediolanum, q.v.)

for Rome about 1500. He painted some frescoes at Rome, and devoted himself to the study of the ancient buildings, both in the city and as far

south

SOUTH
SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

as Naples. About this time the Cardinal Caraffa commissioned him to rebuild the cloister of the Convent delta Pace. Owing to the celerity and skill with which Bramante did this, the cardinal introduced him to

Pope

Alexander VI. He began to be consulted on nearly all the great architectural operations in Rome, and executed for the

pope

the palace of the Cancelleria or chancery. Under Julius II., Alexander's successor, Bramante's talents began to obtain adequate sphere of exercise. His first large

work

WORK

was to unite the straggling buildings of the palace and the Belvedere. This he accomplished by means of two long galleries or corridors enclosing a court. The

design

DESIGN (Fr. desiin, drawing; Lat. designare, to mark out)

was only in part completed before the death of Julius and of the architect. So impatient was the pope and so eager was Bramante, that the foundations were not sufficiently well attended to; great part of it had, therefore, soon to be rebuilt, and the whole is now so much altered that it is hardly possible to decipher the

original

ORIGINAL

design

DESIGN (Fr. desiin, drawing; Lat. designare, to mark out)

.
Besides executing numerous smaller works at Rome and Bologna, among which is specially mentioned by older writers a round temple in the cloister of San Pietro-a-Montorio, Bramante was called upon by Pope Julius to take the first part in one of the greatest architectural enterprises ever attemptedthe rebuilding of St Peter's. Bramante's designs were complete, and he pushed on the

work

WORK

so fast that before his death he had erected the four great piers ,and their arches, and completed the cornice and the vaulting in of this portion. He also vaulted in the principal chapel. After his death on the lath of March 1514, his design was much altered, in particular by Michelangelo.
See Pungileoni, Memoire intorno alla vita ed alle opere di Bramante (Rome, 1836) ; H.

Semper

SEMPER, GOTTFRIED (1803–1879)

, Donato Bramante (

Leipzig

LEIPZIG

, 1879).

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