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Encyclopedia Britannica



BOTZARIS [BozzARls], MARCO (c. 1788-1823)

This article appears in Volume V04, Page 311 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BOS-BRI
BOTZARIS [BozzARls], MARCO (c. 1788-1823) ,
leader
  in the War of
Greek
  Independence, born at Suli in Albania, was the second son of Kitzo Botzaris, murdered at Arta in 1809 by order of Ali of
Iannina
 . In 1803, after the capture of Suli by Ali Pasha, Marco, with the remnant of the Suliots, crossed over to the Ionian Islands, where he ultimately took service in an Albanian
regiment
  in French pay. In 1814 he joined the
Greek
  patriotic society known as the Hetairia Philike, and in 182o, with other Suliots, made common cause with Ali of
Iannina
  against the Ottomans. On the outbreak of the Greek revolt, he distinguished himself by his courage, tenacity and skill as a partisan
leader
  in the fighting in western Hellas, and was conspicuous in the
defence
  of Missolonghi during the first siege (1822-1823). On the night of the 21st of August 1823 he led the celebrated attack at Karpenisi of 350 Suliots on 4000 Albanians who formed the vanguard of the army with which Mustai Pasha was advancing to ;eiuforc the besiegers. The rout of the Turkswas complete; but Botzaris himself
fell
 . His memory is still celebrated in popular
ballads
  in
Greece
 . Marco Botzaris's brother Kosta (
Constantine
 ), who fought at Karpenisi and completed the victory, lived to become a general and senator in the Greek kingdom. He died at Athens on the 13th of November 1853. Marco's son, Dimitri Botzaris, born in 1813, was three times minister of war under the kings
Otho
  and George. He died at Athens on the 17th of August 187o.


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