BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (17421791)

This article appears in Volume V04, Page 255 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BLA-BOS

BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (17421791) , Austrian mineralogist and metallurgist, was born of a noble family at Karlsburg, in Transylvania, on the 26th of December 1742. Educated in a Jesuit college in Vienna, he was for sixteen months a member of the order, but left it and studied law at Prague. Then he travelled extensively in Germany, Holland and France, studying

mineralogy

MINERALOGY

, and on his return to Prague in 1770 entered the department of mines and the mint. In 1776 he was appointed by Maria

Theresa

THERESA, ST (1515-1582)

to arrange the imperial museum at Vienna, where he was nominated to the council of mines and the mint, and continued to reside until his death on the 24th of July 1791. He introduced a method of extracting metals by amalgamation (Uber des Anquicken der Erse, 1786), and other improvements in mining and other technical processes. His publications also include Lithophylacium Bornianum (17721775) and Bergbaukunde (1789), besides several museum catalogues. Von Born attempted

satire

SATIRE (Lat. satira, satura; see below)

with no

great

GREAT

success. Die Staatsperucke, a tale published without his knowledge in 1772, and an attack on Father

Hell

HELL (0. Eng. hel, a Teutonic word from a root meaning " to cover," cf. Ger. Holle, Dutch hel)

, the Jesuit, and king's astronomer at Vienna, are two of his satirical works. Part of a

satire

SATIRE (Lat. satira, satura; see below)

, entitled Monachologia, in which the monks are described in the technical language of natural history, is also ascribed to him. Von Born was well acquainted with Latin and the principal modern languages of Europe, and with many branches of science not immediately connected with metallurgy and

mineralogy

MINERALOGY

. He took an active part inthe political changes in

Hungary

HUNGARY
HUNGARY (Hungarian Magyarorszdg)

. After the death of the emperor Joseph II., the diet of the states of

Hungary

HUNGARY
HUNGARY (Hungarian Magyarorszdg)

rescinded many innovations of that ruler, and conferred the rights of

denizen

DENIZEN (derived through the Fr. from Lat. de intus, " from within," i.e. as opposed to " foreign ")

on several persons who had been favourable to the cause of the Hungarians, and, amongst others, on von Born. At the time of his death in 1791, he was employed in writing a

work

WORK

entitled

Fasti

FASTI

Leopoldini, probably relating to the prudent conduct of

Leopold

LEOPOLD (M.H. Ger. Liupolt; O.H. Ger. Liupald, from hut, Mod. Ger. Leute, " people," and paid, " bold," i.e. " bold for the people ")

II., the successor of Joseph, towards the Hungarians.

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