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Encyclopedia Britannica



BLAYDON

This article appears in Volume V04, Page 49 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BLA-BOS
BLAYDON , an urban
district
  in the Chester-le-Street parliamentary division of Durham, England, on the Tyne, 4 M. W. of Newcastle by a branch of the North-Eastern railway. Pop. (1881) 10,687; (1901) 19,617. The
chief
 
industries
  are coal-mining, iron-founding, pipe, fire-brick, chemical manure and
bottle
  manufactures. In the vicinity is the beautiful old
mansion
  of Stella, and below it Stellaheugh, to which the victorious Scottish army crossed from Newburn on the Northumberland bank in 164o, after which they occupied Newcastle.
BLAYE-ET-STE LUCE, a town of
south
 -western France,
capital
  of an arrondissement in the department of Gironde, on the right bank of the Gironde (here over 2 M. wide), 35 M. N. of Bordeaux by rail. Pop. (1906) of the town, 3423; of the commune, 4890. The town has a citadel built by Vauban on a
rock
  beside the river, and embracing in its enceinte ruins of an old
Gothic
  chateau. The latter contains the tomb of Caribert, king of Toulouse, and spn of Clotaire II. Blaye is also defended by the Fort Pate on an island in the river and the Fort Medoc on its left bank, both of the 17th century. The town is the seat of a sub-prefect, and has tribunals of first instance and of commerce and a communal college. It has a small river-port, and carries on trade in wine, brandy, grain, fruit and timber. The
industries
  include the building of small vessels, distilling, flour-milling, and the manufacture of oil and candles. Fine red wine is produced in the
district
 .
In ancient times Blaye (Blavia) was a port of the Santones. Tradition states that the hero Roland was buried in its basilica, which was on the site of the citadel. It was early an important stronghold which played an important part in the wars against the English and the Religious Wars. The duchess of
Berry
  was imprisoned in its fortress in 1832-1833.


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