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Encyclopedia Britannica

BLACK MOUNTAIN

This article appears in Volume V04, Page 24 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BER-BLA

BLACK MOUNTAIN , a

mountain

MOUNTAIN (0. Fr. montaigne; popular Lat. montanea, an adjectival form from the classical mons, montis, whence Eng. " mount," a form usually used along with the name of an individual mountain, e.g. Mt Everest)
MOUNTAIN, THE (La Montagne)

range and

district

DISTRICT

on the Hazara border of the North-West Frontier Province of India. It is inhabited by Yusafzai Pathans. The Black

Mountain

itself has a

total

TOTAL

length of 25 to 50 m., and an

average

AVERAGE

height of 8000ft. above the sea. It rises from the Indus basin near the

village

VILLAGE

of Kiara, up to its watershed by Bruddur; thence it runs north-west by north to the point on the crest known as Chittabut. From Chittabut the range runs due north, finally descending by two large spurs to the Indus again. The tribes which inhabit the western face of the Black Mountain are the Hassanzais (2300 fighting men), the Akazais ( 1165 fighting men) and the Chagarzais (4890 fighting men), all sub-sections of the Yusafzai Pathans. It was in this

district

DISTRICT

that the Hindostani Fanatics had theirstronghold, and they were responsible for much of the unrest on this

part

PART

of the border.
The Black Mountain is chiefly notable for four British expeditions:
r. Under Lieut.-Colonel F. Mackeson, in 1852-53, against the Hassanzais. The occasion was the murder of two British customs

officers

OFFICERS

. A force of 3800 British. troops traversed their country, destroying their villages and

grain

GRAIN (derived through the French from Lat. granum, seed, from an Aryan root meaning " to wear down," which also appears in the common Teutonic word " corn ")

, &c.
2. Under Major-General A. T. Wilde, in 1868. The occasion was an attack on a British police post at Oghi in the Agror Valley by all three tribes. A force of 12,500 British'troops entered the country and the tribes made submission.
3. The First Hazara Expedition in 1888. The cause was the constant raids made by the tribes on villages in British territory, culminating in an attack on a small British detachment, in which two English

officers

OFFICERS

were killed. A force of 12,500 British troops traversed the country of the tribes, and severely punished them.

Punishment

PUNISHMENT (from Lat. punire, to punish, from poena, punishment, Gr. 7rocvil)

was also inflicted on the Hindostani Fanatics of Palosi.
4. The Second Hazara Expedition of 1891. The Black Mountain tribes fired on a force within British limits. A force of 9300 British troops traversed the country. The tribesmen made their submission and entered into an agreement with government to preserve the peace of the border.
The Black Mountain tribes took no

part

PART

in the general frontier rising of 1897, and after the disappearance of the Hindostani Fanatics they sank into

comparative

COMPARATIVE

unimportance. .

End of Article: BLACK MOUNTAIN

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